React Server Components Explained

React Server Components (RSC) represent a paradigm shift in how we build React applications. They allow components to run on the server, enabling better performance and smaller bundle sizes.

What are Server Components?

Server Components are React components that render entirely on the server. Unlike traditional client-side components, they:

Don't add to your JavaScript bundle

Can directly access backend resources

Never re-render on the client

Server vs Client Components

tsx

// Server Component (default in Next.js 13+)
async function UserProfile({ userId }) {
  const user = await db.users.findById(userId);
  return <div>{user.name}</div>;
}// Client Component
'use client';
function Counter() {
  const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
  return <button onClick={() => setCount(count + 1)}>{count}</button>;
}

When to Use Server Components

Use Server Components when you need to:

Fetch data from a database or API

Access backend resources directly

Keep sensitive logic on the server
Reduce client-side JavaScript

When to Use Client Components

Use Client Components for:

Interactive UI elements

Browser APIs (localStorage, etc.)

Event handlers
State and effects

Benefits of Server Components

1. Smaller bundles - Server-only code doesn't ship to the client 2. Direct data access - No need for API routes for simple data fetching 3. Automatic code splitting - Components are loaded only when needed 4. Improved SEO - Content is rendered on the server

Conclusion

React Server Components offer a powerful new way to build React applications. By understanding when to use server vs client components, you can create faster, more efficient applications.

The future of React is hybrid - combining the best of server and client rendering for optimal user experiences.